Introduction :
SQL is short for Structured Query Language and is a widely used database language, providing means of data manipulation (store, retrieve, update, delete) and database creation.
SQL (Structured Query Language) is a database computer language designed for the retrieval and management of data in relational database management systems (RDBMS), database schema creation and modification, and database object access control management. SQL is a programming language for querying and modifying data and managing databases. SQL was standardized first by the ANSI and later by the ISO. Most database management systems implement a majority of one of these standards and add their proprietary extensions. SQL allows the retrieval, insertion, updating, and deletion of data. A database management system also includes management and administrative functions. Most – if not all – implementations also include a command-line interface (SQL/CLI) that allows for the entry and execution of the language commands, as opposed to only providing an application programming interface (API) intended for access from a graphical user interface (GUI).
The relational database management system (RDBMS) officially called Oracle Database (and commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) has become a major presence in database computing.
Larry Ellison and his friends and former co-workers Bob Miner and Ed Oates started the consultancy Software Development Laboratories (SDL) in 1977. SDL developed the original version of the Oracle software. The name Oracle comes from the code-name of a CIA-funded project Ellison had worked on while previously employed by Ampex.
Many widespread computing platforms have come to use the Oracle database software extensively.
Oracle Database software comes in 63 language-versions (including regional variations such as American and British). Variations between versions cover the names of days and months, abbreviations, time-symbols such as A.M. and A.D., and sorting.
Oracle Corporation has translated Oracle Database error-messages into Arabic, Catalan, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Thai and Turkish.
History :
1979: Larry Ellison and friends founded Software Development Laboratories.
1979: SDL changed its company-name to "Relational Software, Inc." (RSI) and introduced its product Oracle V2 as an early commercially-available relational database system. The version did not support transactions, but implemented the basic SQL functionality of queries and joins. (RSI never released a version 1 - instead calling the first version version 2 as a marketing gimmick.)
1982: RSI in its turn changed its name, becoming known as "Oracle Corporation", to align itself more closely with its flagship-product.
1983: The company released Oracle version 3, which it had re-written using the C programming language and which supported COMMIT and ROLLBACK functionality for transactions. Version 3 extended platform support from the existing Digital VAX/VMS systems to include Unix environments.
1984: Oracle Corporation released Oracle version 4, which supported read-consistency.
1985: the Oracle RDBMS began supporting the client-server model, with networks becoming more widely available in the mid-1980s. Oracle version 5.0 supported distributed queries.
1988: Oracle RDBMS version 6 came out with support for PL/SQL embedded within Oracle Forms v3 (version 6 could not store PL/SQL in the database proper), row-level locking and hot backups.
1989: Oracle Corporation entered the application products market and developed its ERP product, (later to become part of the Oracle E-Business Suite), based on the Oracle relational database.
1990: the release of Oracle Applications release 8
1992: Oracle version 7 appeared with support for referential integrity, stored procedures and triggers.
1997: Oracle Corporation released version 8, which supported object-oriented development and multimedia applications.
1999: The release of Oracle8i aimed to provide a database inter-operating better with the Internet (the i in the name stands for "Internet"). The Oracle 8i database incorporated a native Java virtual machine (Oracle JVM).
2000: Oracle E-Business Suite 11i pioneers integrated enterprise application software
2001: Oracle9i went into release with 400 new features, including the ability to read and write XML documents. 9i also provided an option for Oracle RAC, or "Real Application Clusters", a computer-cluster database, as a replacement for the Oracle Parallel Server (OPS) option.
2003: Oracle Corporation released Oracle Database 10g. (The g stands for "grid"; emphasizing a marketing thrust of presenting 10g as "grid-computing ready".)
2005: Oracle Database 10.2.0.1 — also known as Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10gR2) — appeared.
2006: Oracle Corporation announces Unbreakable Linux
2007: Oracle Database 10g Release 2 Sets New World Record TPC-H 300 GB Benchmark Result
2007: Oracle Corporation released Oracle Database 11g for Linux and for Microsoft Windows.
2008: Oracle Corporation acquires BEA Web systems.
Oracle products have historically followed their own release-numbering and naming conventions. With the Oracle RDBMS 10g release, Oracle Corporation started standardizing all current versions of its major products using the "10g" label, although some sources continued to refer to Oracle Applications Release 11i as Oracle 11i. Major database-related products and some of their versions include:
Oracle Application Server 10g (also known as "Oracle AS 10g"): a middleware product;
Oracle Applications Release 11i (aka Oracle e-Business Suite, Oracle Financials or Oracle 11i): a suite of business applications;
Oracle Developer Suite 10g (9.0.4);
Oracle JDeveloper 10g: a Java integrated development environment;
Since version 7, Oracle's RDBMS release numbering has used the following codes:
Oracle7: 7.0.16 — 7.3.4
Oracle8 Database: 8.0.3 — 8.0.6
Oracle8i Database Release 1: 8.1.5.0 — 8.1.5.1
Oracle8i Database Release 2: 8.1.6.0 — 8.1.6.3
Oracle8i Database Release 3: 8.1.7.0 — 8.1.7.4
Oracle9i Database Release 1: 9.0.1.0 — 9.0.1.5 (Latest current patchset as of December 2003)
Oracle9i Database Release 2: 9.2.0.1 — 9.2.0.8 (Latest current patchset as of April 2007)
Oracle Database 10g Release 1: 10.1.0.2 — 10.1.0.5 (Latest current patchset as of February 2006)
Oracle Database 10g Release 2: 10.2.0.1 — 10.2.0.3 (Latest current patchset as of November 2006).
SQL is short for Structured Query Language and is a widely used database language, providing means of data manipulation (store, retrieve, update, delete) and database creation.
SQL (Structured Query Language) is a database computer language designed for the retrieval and management of data in relational database management systems (RDBMS), database schema creation and modification, and database object access control management. SQL is a programming language for querying and modifying data and managing databases. SQL was standardized first by the ANSI and later by the ISO. Most database management systems implement a majority of one of these standards and add their proprietary extensions. SQL allows the retrieval, insertion, updating, and deletion of data. A database management system also includes management and administrative functions. Most – if not all – implementations also include a command-line interface (SQL/CLI) that allows for the entry and execution of the language commands, as opposed to only providing an application programming interface (API) intended for access from a graphical user interface (GUI).
The relational database management system (RDBMS) officially called Oracle Database (and commonly referred to as Oracle RDBMS or simply as Oracle) has become a major presence in database computing.
Larry Ellison and his friends and former co-workers Bob Miner and Ed Oates started the consultancy Software Development Laboratories (SDL) in 1977. SDL developed the original version of the Oracle software. The name Oracle comes from the code-name of a CIA-funded project Ellison had worked on while previously employed by Ampex.
Many widespread computing platforms have come to use the Oracle database software extensively.
Oracle Database software comes in 63 language-versions (including regional variations such as American and British). Variations between versions cover the names of days and months, abbreviations, time-symbols such as A.M. and A.D., and sorting.
Oracle Corporation has translated Oracle Database error-messages into Arabic, Catalan, Chinese, Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, German, Greek, Hebrew, Hungarian, Italian, Japanese, Korean, Norwegian, Polish, Portuguese, Romanian, Russian, Slovak, Spanish, Swedish, Thai and Turkish.
History :
1979: Larry Ellison and friends founded Software Development Laboratories.
1979: SDL changed its company-name to "Relational Software, Inc." (RSI) and introduced its product Oracle V2 as an early commercially-available relational database system. The version did not support transactions, but implemented the basic SQL functionality of queries and joins. (RSI never released a version 1 - instead calling the first version version 2 as a marketing gimmick.)
1982: RSI in its turn changed its name, becoming known as "Oracle Corporation", to align itself more closely with its flagship-product.
1983: The company released Oracle version 3, which it had re-written using the C programming language and which supported COMMIT and ROLLBACK functionality for transactions. Version 3 extended platform support from the existing Digital VAX/VMS systems to include Unix environments.
1984: Oracle Corporation released Oracle version 4, which supported read-consistency.
1985: the Oracle RDBMS began supporting the client-server model, with networks becoming more widely available in the mid-1980s. Oracle version 5.0 supported distributed queries.
1988: Oracle RDBMS version 6 came out with support for PL/SQL embedded within Oracle Forms v3 (version 6 could not store PL/SQL in the database proper), row-level locking and hot backups.
1989: Oracle Corporation entered the application products market and developed its ERP product, (later to become part of the Oracle E-Business Suite), based on the Oracle relational database.
1990: the release of Oracle Applications release 8
1992: Oracle version 7 appeared with support for referential integrity, stored procedures and triggers.
1997: Oracle Corporation released version 8, which supported object-oriented development and multimedia applications.
1999: The release of Oracle8i aimed to provide a database inter-operating better with the Internet (the i in the name stands for "Internet"). The Oracle 8i database incorporated a native Java virtual machine (Oracle JVM).
2000: Oracle E-Business Suite 11i pioneers integrated enterprise application software
2001: Oracle9i went into release with 400 new features, including the ability to read and write XML documents. 9i also provided an option for Oracle RAC, or "Real Application Clusters", a computer-cluster database, as a replacement for the Oracle Parallel Server (OPS) option.
2003: Oracle Corporation released Oracle Database 10g. (The g stands for "grid"; emphasizing a marketing thrust of presenting 10g as "grid-computing ready".)
2005: Oracle Database 10.2.0.1 — also known as Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (10gR2) — appeared.
2006: Oracle Corporation announces Unbreakable Linux
2007: Oracle Database 10g Release 2 Sets New World Record TPC-H 300 GB Benchmark Result
2007: Oracle Corporation released Oracle Database 11g for Linux and for Microsoft Windows.
2008: Oracle Corporation acquires BEA Web systems.
Oracle products have historically followed their own release-numbering and naming conventions. With the Oracle RDBMS 10g release, Oracle Corporation started standardizing all current versions of its major products using the "10g" label, although some sources continued to refer to Oracle Applications Release 11i as Oracle 11i. Major database-related products and some of their versions include:
Oracle Application Server 10g (also known as "Oracle AS 10g"): a middleware product;
Oracle Applications Release 11i (aka Oracle e-Business Suite, Oracle Financials or Oracle 11i): a suite of business applications;
Oracle Developer Suite 10g (9.0.4);
Oracle JDeveloper 10g: a Java integrated development environment;
Since version 7, Oracle's RDBMS release numbering has used the following codes:
Oracle7: 7.0.16 — 7.3.4
Oracle8 Database: 8.0.3 — 8.0.6
Oracle8i Database Release 1: 8.1.5.0 — 8.1.5.1
Oracle8i Database Release 2: 8.1.6.0 — 8.1.6.3
Oracle8i Database Release 3: 8.1.7.0 — 8.1.7.4
Oracle9i Database Release 1: 9.0.1.0 — 9.0.1.5 (Latest current patchset as of December 2003)
Oracle9i Database Release 2: 9.2.0.1 — 9.2.0.8 (Latest current patchset as of April 2007)
Oracle Database 10g Release 1: 10.1.0.2 — 10.1.0.5 (Latest current patchset as of February 2006)
Oracle Database 10g Release 2: 10.2.0.1 — 10.2.0.3 (Latest current patchset as of November 2006).
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