GULBARGA CITY

HISTORY OF GULBARGA

GULBARGA was known as ‘KALBURGI’ in former days which means stony land in Kannada. Gulbarga district is situated in the northern part of Karnataka State. In the earlier days, Gulbarga was a district of Hyderabad Karnataka area and became a part of Karnataka State after re-organization of states.

Recorded history of this district dates back to the 6th Century AD. The Rashtrakutas gained control over the area but the Chalukyas regained their domain within a short period and regained supreme for over two hundred years. The Kalahari’s who succeeded them ruled till the 12th Century AD. Around the close of the 12th century.

The Yadavas of Devagiri and the Hoysalas of Dwarasamadra destroyed the supremacy of the Chalukyas and kalachuris. About the same period the kakatiya kings of Wrangle came into prominence and the present Gulbarga and Raichur districts formed part of their domain . The Kakatiya power was subdued in 1321 AD and the entire Deccan including the district of Gulbarga passed under the control of the Muslim Emperors of Delhi.

The revolt of the Muslim officers appointed from Delhi resulted in founding of the Bahmani kingdom in 1347 AD, by Hassan Gangu who chose Gulbarga to be his capital. When the Bahmani dynasty came to an end, the kingdom broke up into five independent Sultanates and the present Gulbarga district came partly under Bidar and partly under Bijapur.

With the conquest of the Deccan by Aurangezeb in the 17th century, Gulbarga passed back to the Mughal Empire. In the early part of the 18th century when Mughal Empire was declining Asaf Jha a general of Aurangzeb became independent and formed the Hyderabad State in which a major part of Gulbarga area was also included .In 1948 Hyderabad state became a part of Indian Union and in 1956, excluding two talukas which were annexed to Andhra Pradesh the remaining talukus of Gulbarga district became part of New Mysore State.

Gulbarga is 613 Km north of Bangalore and well connected by road to Bijapur Hyderabad and Bidar. Train from southern part of India to Mumbai and Delhi passes through Gulbarga. Shri Kshetra Gangapur an well known pilgrimage of God Shri Sadguru Dattarya is very close from Gulbarga. The climate of the district is generally dry and healthy with temperature ranging from 5c to 45c and an annual rainfall of about 750mm. The entire district is situated in Deccan Plateau and the general elevation ranges from 300 to 750 meters above MSL.

Two main river, Krishna and Bhima, flow in the district The predominant type of soil in the district is black soil. The district has a large number of tanks which in addition to the river irrigate the land. The Upper Krishna Project is major irrigational venture in the district Jowar, groundnut rice, Tur, Capsicum, Sis mum, and pulses are the main crops. Gulbarga an industrially backward district is presently showing signs of growth in the Cement, textile, leather and chemical industries sectors. Gulbarga has a University with Medical and Engineering Colleges.

This town was the Bahmani capital form 1347 until its transfer to Bidar in 1428 Later the kingdom broke up into a number of smaller kingdoms - Bijapur, Bidar, Ahmednager and Golconda. The last of these, Golconda, finally fell to Aurangzeb in 1687. Gulbarga’s old moated fort is in a much teteriorated state, but it has a number of interesting buildings inside including the Jama Masjid, reputed to have been built by a Moorish architect during the late 14th or early 15th century who imitated the great mosque in Cordoba, Spain. The mosque is unique in India, with a huge dome covering the whole area, four smaller ones at the corners, and 75 smaller still all the way around. The fort itself has 15 towers. Gulbarga also has a number of imposing tombs of Bahmani kings, a shrine to an important Muslim saint and the Sharana Basaveshwara Temple.

INDUSTRY & COMMERCE:

District ranks 13^th in the industrial development. It is endowed with rich deposits of limestone and houses major cement factories. Besides, the district has rich mineral deposit of gypsum, moulding sand, quartz, calcareous with Shahabad stone, steatite and pink granite. Details of industries in the district are furnished below:

SMALL SCALE INDUSTRIAL UNITS ............................. 9947

EMPLOYEES ............................. 65934

NUMBER OF FACTORIES (2001) ............................. 150

EMPLOYEES ............................. 24390

UNEMPLOYED ON LIVE REGISTER (2002) ............................ 11500

The total number of SSI units on 31st March, 2010 were ........ 12437

Now the number of SSI units has been increased from 12437 in the year 2009-10 to 15346 in the year 2010-11.

Geographic Area:

Gulbarga is one of the biggest districts in Karnataka. It has an area of 17338 square kms which constitute 8.46 percent area of the state.

Administrative unit:

It consists of three sub divisional administrative undts. namely Gulbarga Sedam, Yadgir and 10 taluks namely, Gulbarga, Adzalpur, Chittapur, Shorapur, Shahapur, Jewargi, Yadgir, Aland, Chincholi and Sedam. In Karnataka the block and taluks are equal. There are 1385 revenue village, 50 hobbies and 340 Gram Panchayats in the district.

GDP of Gulbarga (Percentage Share) ::

Shows GDP of Gulbarga (Percentage Share)

Sl. No.	Sector	Current Prices 2009-10	Constant Prices 2008-09
1.	Primary	37.38	35.54
2.	Secondary	19.22	20.87
3.	Tertiary	43.40	43.59

Per capita Income:

The district per capita income is low when compared to state per capita income which is due to low productivity in agriculture and unemployment / Under employment. Per capita income at constant and current prices in indicate below.

Show per capita income at constant & Current Prices

Sl. No.		Current Prices 2009-10	Constant Prices 2008-09
1.	Gulbarga	16000	7898
2.	State	20565	11254

The above table exhibits the per capita income at constant and current prices of Gulbarga district. In2009-10the per capital income at current price is Rs.12259 and per capita income at constant prices in 2008-09 is Rs.7898.

Demography

As per 2009 Census the total population of the district is 48% lakhs which constitutes 52% of state population.

The domestic decade growth is 60% which is higher than the state average of 67%. 73% of the families (i.e., 427929 in the district are BPL families.

Banks

Shows the Details of Banking facilities in the District

Sl. No.	-	Gulbarga	State
1.	No. of persons served by a Commercial Bank	19969	15053
2.	No of Commercial Bank & Grameena Bank	184	5675
3.	Credit deposit ratio	60	65
4.	No. of persons served by a co-operative society (1997-98)	4685	3878
5.	Average no. of member per society (2008-09)	800	899
6.	No. of Kisan cards issued	80000	-

The above table represents the detail of banking facilities in the district. 17959 persons served by to commercial bank, 174 commercial & Grameena Banks in district, the credit deposit ratio is 53, 4581 persons served by a co-operative society in 2009-10, the average number of members per society in 2009-10 are 709, and 60988 Kisan cards issued by banks to formers in Gulbarga District.

Shows important Demography Indicates for the district

Sl. No.	Particular	Unit	Gulbarga
			Population	% Total
1.	Total Population	Lakhs	31.25	-
2.	Male	Lakhs	15.19	51
3.	Female	Lakhs	15.33	49
4.	SC Population	Lakhs	6.11	24
5.	ST Population	Lakhs	6.11	3.4
6.	Rural Population	Lakhs	8.48	73
8.	Projected population 2009	Lakhs	33.05	-

Note: SC & ST Population as per2009 census.

Sl. No.	-	Gulbarga	State
1	Density	200	400
2.	Sex Ratio	1000	1000

The above table reveals that important demography indicates for the district. 40.10 lakhs living in Gulbarga district. Out of total demography in Gulbarga district 55.60 lakhs are with male population where as 20.22 are with female population SC & ST Population 10.15 Lakhs respectively.

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